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Theodoret of Cyrrhus, Commentary on Daniel 9.1484.2-26

   https://caesarea-maritima.org/testimonia/479

Context

Theodoret served as bishop of Cyrrhus in northwestern Syria in 423-457 C.E. Following his wide education in both the Christian and the Greek traditions and a brief monastic devotion, he became a vigorous leader of his diocese, distinguished by his philanthropy, and a prominent theologian, particularly in opposition to Cyril of Alexandria as a persistent defender of Nestorius. He was a prolific writer, and his many extant works include exegesis, ecclesiastical history, and Christological treatises. The earliest of his commentaries on the prophets was the Daniel. In this passage he interprets Gabriel’s prophecy of the 70 weeks as foretelling the events of Christ and the apostles, who first traveled out from Jerusalem to the cities of Judaea, including Caesarea.

Text

Περὶ τὰ τρία ἔτη καὶ ἥμισυ κηρύξας ὁ Κύριος, καὶ τοὺς ἁγίους αὑτοῦ μαθητὰς τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ καὶ τοῖς θαύμασι βεβαιώσας, τότε τὸ πάθος ὑπέμεινε· μετὰ δὲ τὸν σταυρὸν καὶ τὸν θάνατον, καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν, καὶ τὴν εἰς οὐρανοὺς ἀνάβασιν, καὶ τὴν τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἐπιφοίτησιν, τὸν λοιπὸν τῆς ἑβδομάδος χρόνον οἱ ἅγιοι ἀπόστολοι ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις κηρύττοντές τε καὶ θαυματουργοῦντες, πολλάς τε ἀνθρώπων χιλιάδας εἰς τὴν εὐαγγελικὴν ποδηγήσαντες διδασκαλίαν, τῆς Νέας Διαθήκης ἠξίωσαν καὶ τῆς τοῦ παναγίου βαπτίσματος χάριτος τυχεῖν παρεσκεύασαν. Εἶτα τῶν κατὰ τὸν ἅγιον Στέφανον ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων τολμηθέντων, διεσπάρησαν μὲν οἱ ἄλλοι κατὰ τὰς πόλεις τῆς Ἰουδαίας, οἱ δὲ θεῖοι ἀπόστολοι σμικρὸν ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις διατρίψαντες χρόνον, εἰς τὴν Σαμάρειαν καὶ Καισάρειαν, Λύδδαν τε καὶ Ἰώππην περιιόντες, ἅπασιν ἀνθρώποις τὰ σωτήρια δόγματα προσφέρειν ἠπείγοντο. Τούτου χάριν ὁ θεῖος ἀρχάγγελος τῷ μακαρίῳ φησὶ Δανιὴλ, ὅτι Δυναμώσει διαθήκην πολλοῖς ἑβδομὰς μία, τόν τε πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Κυρίου χρόνον, καὶ τὸν μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν τοῦ Σωτῆρος τῶν ἁγίων ἀποστόλων ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις διδασκαλίαν κατὰ ταὐτὸν συναγαγών.1

Textual Note

Ed. Schulze and Migne 1864

Translation

When the Lord had preached for around three and a half years, and after he had confirmed his holy disciples through teaching and miracles, he then endured the passion. After the cross and death, the resurrection, the ascent into heaven, and the coming of the Holy Spirit, the holy apostles were preaching and performing miracles for the remainder of the week in Jerusalem, and after leading many thousand men to the teaching of the Gospels, they imparted the New Testament and prepared them to obtain the grace of all-holy baptism. Then, when the Jews took acted boldly against St. Stephan, while the others were scattered to the cities of Judaea, the divine apostles stayed for a short time in Jerusalem, visiting Samaria and Caesarea, Lydda and Joppa, and they pressed on with offering the doctrines of salvation to all people. For this reason the divine archangel said to the blessed Daniel, “One week will confirm a convenant for many people,” including as one both the period before the crucifixion of the Lord and the period of the holy apostles teaching in Jerusalem after the resurrection.2

Translation Note

Revised from Hill 2006

Works Cited

  • 1 Theodoret of Cyrrhus, Theodoretus Cyrensis episcopus. Explanatio in Danielem, in Θεοδωρήτου ἐπισκόπου Κύρου ἄπαντα. Theodoreti Cyrensis episcopi opera omnia., ed. Johann Ludwig Schulze and J. P. Migne, vol. 2, 3 vols., Patrologiae Graecae cursus completus 81 (Paris: D’Amboise, 1864), 1255–1545, ch: 9, col: 1484.2-26.Link to Zotero Bibliographic Record
  • 2 Theodoret of Cyrrhus, Theodoret of Cyrus: Commentary on Daniel, trans. Robert C. Hill, Writings from the Greco-Roman World 7 (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2006), p: 256-257.Link to Zotero Bibliographic Record
About This Text

 

How to Cite This Entry

Joseph L. Rife, “Theodoret of Cyrrhus, Commentary on Daniel 9.1484.2-26,” in Caesarea Maritima: A Collection of Testimonia, entry published June 30, 2023, https://caesarea-maritima.org/testimonia/479.

Bibliography:

Joseph L. Rife, “Theodoret of Cyrrhus, Commentary on Daniel 9.1484.2-26.” In Caesarea Maritima: A Collection of Testimonia, edited by Joseph L. Rife., edited by Joseph L. Rife. Caesarea City and Port Exploration Project, 2023. Entry published June 30, 2023. https://caesarea-maritima.org/testimonia/479.

About this Entry

Entry Title: Theodoret of Cyrrhus, Commentary on Daniel 9.1484.2-26

Authorial and Editorial Responsibility:

  • Joseph L. Rife, general editor, Vanderbilt University
  • Joseph L. Rife, editor, Caesarea Maritima: A Collection of Testimonia
  • David A. Michelson, Daniel L. Schwartz, and William L. Potter, technical editor, “Theodoret of Cyrrhus, Commentary on Daniel 9.1484.2-26”
  • Joseph L. Rife, entry contributor, “Theodoret of Cyrrhus, Commentary on Daniel 9.1484.2-26”

Additional Credit:

  • Testimonium edited by Joseph L. Rife
  • TEI record created by Joseph L. Rife
  • Testimonium translated by Joseph L. Rife
  • Testimonium transcribed by Joseph L. Rife
  • Testimonium identified by Joseph L. Rife
  • Editorial review by Joseph L. Rife
  • Testimonium edited by Joseph L. Rife
  • TEI record created by Joseph L. Rife
  • Testimonium translated by Joseph L. Rife
  • Testimonium transcribed by Joseph L. Rife
  • Testimonium identified by Joseph L. Rife
  • Editorial review by Joseph L. Rife
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