Unknown, Pilgrimages to Jerusalem 1-4
created: This entry is taken from Pilgrimages to Jerusalem 1-4 written by Unknown in 1250
edition published: 2022-10-19-05:00
language: fro; fro
availability: Except for materials quoted from other sources, this entry is copyright 2022 by the contributors (Joseph L. Rife, et al.) and the Caesarea City and Port Exploration Project. It is licensed under the Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. Some texts quoted in this entry may be in the public domain in the United States. No copyright is asserted for these quotations. Some texts quoted in this entry may have copyright restrictions and are reused under Section 107 of the Copyright Act of (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

https://caesarea-maritima.org/testimonia/311

Cesaire

, and

Caesarea

are directly attested at Unknown, Pilgrimages to Jerusalem 1-4. This passage was written ca. 1250-1295 CE possibly in Palestine. A late-13th-century guide for pilgrims to Jerusalem and Galilee of unknown authorship survives under the title Les pelerinaiges por aler en Iherusalem. It appears at the end of a French translation and continuation of the chronicle by William of Tyre in a manuscript written at Rome in May of 1295, and an expanded version appears in a 14th-century French compilation. The work parallels the content of Ways and Pilgrimages of the Holy Land A but exhibits enough variation to indicate that, while both works most likely belong to the same general era, they descend from a common source. In the passage on the sites between Acre and Ioppa, the author describes locales in the hinterland of Caesarea as well as in its immediate vicinity or interior.

(1) Premierement l’en va d’Acres à Cayfas où il a .iiij. lieues. Après d’iqui est la montaigne du Carme où monseignor saint Denis est, qui fu nés à une ville qui est apelée Francheville, auquel lieu est une chapele desouz l’autel en une petite caverne où il fu nés, & encore i pert le lieu. Emprès la chapele a une petite valée; au giét d’une pierre a une fontaine de monseignor saint Denis, laquele i trova & fist de ses propres mains, & i a mout biau lieu & est le plus sain lieu de toute la montaigne por cors d’ome. En cele meïsme montaigne est l’abaïe de Sainte Marguerite laquele est de moines griex où il a ausi biau lieu. En cele abaïe a de bones reliques, & au pendant est le lieu où saint Helyes habita, u quel lieu il a une chapele en la roche. Emprès de cele abaïe de Sainte Marguerite en la costiére de cele meïsme montagne a .j. mout biau lieu & delitieus, où habitent li hermitain latin que l’en apele fréres du Carme, où il a une petite yglise de Nostre Dame & par tout ce lieu a on grant plenté de bones eves qui issent de meïsme la rochede la montaigne, & a une lieue & demie de l’abaïe des griex iusques as hermitains latins. (2) Entre Sainte Marguerite & les frères du Carme a Anne, un lieu en sus de la mer qui a non Anne; ilueques furent fait li clou dont Nostre Sire fu crucefiés, & encore i apert le lieu où il furent forgiés, & près de cele montaigne du Carme devers les hermitains latins & par devers Chastiau Pelerin a un lieu que l’en apele Saint Iohan de Tire. Iluec a un mostier de griex, où il a de mout beles reliques, & fist iluec saint Iohan de mout beles miracles. Emprès d’iqui vers Chastiau Pelerin a une ville que l’en apele Capharnaon; iluec furent batus les deniers dont Diex fu vendu. De Cayfas à Chastiau Pelerin a .iij. lieues & siét sus la mer, & est de la maison du Temple, & gist iluec sainte Eufemie, virge & martire. (3) De Chastiau Pelerin à la cité de Cesaire a .v. lieues, laquele cité est sus la mer & est d’un baron du roiaume. Dehors les murs de la cité a une chapele où saint Cornille, qui saint Pierre baptiza, gist, liqués fu après monseignor saint Père arcevesque de celé cité. Après cele chapele a une mout bele pierre de marbre, grant & longue, laquele on apele la table Ihesucrist, où il a .ij. petites pierres qui sont roondes, grosses desous & aguës desus, que l’en dit les chandeliers Nostre Seignor. En celé chapele gisent les .ij. filles de monseignor saint Phelippe, qui converti & baptiza enuchum, & quant il l’ot baptizié, Dex le ravi & l’emporta à Assur; & de Assur vint prêchant le non Nostre Seignor iusques à la cité de Cesaire. Près d’iqui à main senèstre près d’une ville qui a non Peine Perdue est une chapele de Nostre Dame, qui est sus .j. mares, où l’en va mout souvent de Cesaire en pèlerinage, car il i a mout bel lieu & mout dévot; ou quel marès a mult de cocatriz, lesquex i mist .j. sires de Cesaire, qui les fist aporter d’Egypte. (4) De Cesaire à Assur a .ix. lieues; lequel chastel est un petit près de la mer sus .j. tertre de sablon, liqués chastiaus fu de l’Ospital; auquel chemin par desus est une roche taillie, & i a un mauvès pas, & là se herbergent mauvaises gens aucune foiz, por desrober & por taillier le chemin à ceus qui vont a Iaffe.

[Ed. Michelant and Raynaud 1882] [Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, fr. 9082 (anc. supp. fr. 104, Noailles), folios 343a-435a (Rome, dated May 1295)]

(1) First of all one goes from Acre to Cayfas, a journey of 4 leagues. After that is Mount Carmel where my lord St. Denys is, where he was born in a town called Freetown (Francheville). There is a chapel there, and beneath its altar is a small cave where he was born, and the place can still be seen. Near the chapel is a small valley; a stone’s throw away is the fountain of my lord St. Denys, which he found and made with his own hands. This is a very beautiful place, and it is the healthiest place on the whole mountain in the heart of man. On this same mountain is the abbey of my lady St. Margaret, which belongs to Greek monks, where there is also a beautiful place. In this abbey are good relics. And on the slope is the place where St. Elias lived, where there is a chapel in the rock. Near this abbey of St. Margaret, on the side of this same mountain, there is a very beautiful and delightful place where live the Latin hermits, who are called the Friars of Carmel; in that place is a small church of Our Lady. And throughout that whole place there is a great supply of good water, which issues from the same rock of the mountain. From the abbey of the Greeks to the Latin hermits is one league and a half. (2) Between St. Margaret and the Friars of Carmel is Anne, a place above the sea called Anne. There, so it is said, were made the nails with which Our Lord was nailed; and the place where they were forged can still be seen. And near that mountain, Carmel, in the direction of the Latin hermits on the flank facing Pilgrims’ Castle (Chastiau Pelerin) there is a place called St. John of Tira. At that place is a monastery of the Greeks, where there are many beautiful relics, and St. John performed many beautiful miracles there. Nearby towards Pilgrims’ Castle there is a town called Capharnaon; there were struck the pieces of silver for which God was sold. From Cayphas to Pilgrims’ Castle is 3 leagues. It stands on the sea and belongs to the House of the Temple; and there lies St. Euphemia, virgin and martyr. (3) From Pilgrims’ Castle to the city of Caesarea is 5 leagues. That city is on the sea and belongs to a baron of the kingdom. Outside the walls of that city is a chapel where St. Cornelius lies, whom St. Peter baptized and who after my lord St. Peter was the archbishop of that city. After that chapel is a very beautiful stone of marble, big and long, which is called the Table of Our Lord. There (also) are two small stones that are round, thick at the bottom and long, pointed at the top, which are called the Candlesticks of Our Lord. In this chapel lie the two daughters of our lord St. Philip, who converted and baptized the eunuch. And when he had baptized him, God took him up and carried him to Assur, and from Assur he came preaching the name of Our Lord as far as the city of Caesarea. Afterwards, on the left, near a town called Lost Pain (Peine perdu), there is a chapel of Our Lady above the marsh. People very often go there on pilgrimage from Caesarea, because it is a very beautiful and holy place. In that marsh there are many crocodiles, which were put there by a lord of Caesarea, who had them brought from Egypt. (4) From Caesarea to Assur is 2 leagues. That castle is close to the sea on a sandy knoll; it belonged to the Hospital. Along the road and up from it is a cut rock, a bad place where bad people encamp from time to time to rob and to cut off the road to those going to Iaphe.

[Adapted from Pringle 2018]

Works Cited

[...] 1-4 xix-xxi, 89-92
[...] 42-43, 208-213

[Acts 10:1-48

Acts 21:8-9

Acts 8:26-40

Holy Pilgrimages 7-9

Pilgrimages and Pardons of Acre 1.1

Ways and Pilgrimages of the Holy Land A 1.1-1.3

Ways and Pilgrimages of the Holy Land B 1.1-1.3]

[Acre (Accaron, Acco, Akko)

Anne (Bi’r Bayt Ḥanūn)

Assur (Arsuf)

Capharnaüm (Khirbat al-Kanīsa)

Carme (Carmel, Mount)

Cayphas (Caypha, Haifa)

Chastieu Pelerin

Egypt

Francheville (Freetown, Khirbat Rushmiyya?)

Iaphe (Iope, Ioppe, Joppa, Jaffa)

Lost Pain (Peine Perdu)

St. John of Tira (al Tira, Tirat al-Lawz)]

[Carmelites

Cornelius, early Christian at Caesarea

Dionysius (Denys), pope [AD 250-268]

Elijah the Prophet (St. Elias) [9th century]

Euphemia the Martyr

Jesus Christ

John Laleman, lord of Caesarea

John the Baptist

Knights Hospitaller

Knights Templar

Mary, Mother of Jesus

Peter the Apostle

Philip the Apostle

St. Margaret]

[Christian Bible

Christianity

Crusades

Geography

Government and Law

Hebrew Bible

History of Israel

Medieval History

Military

Natural Environment

Pilgrimage

Roman History

Society and Culture

Urban Topography]